Page 358 - 2019 White Paper on the Business Environment in China
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9 White Paper on the Business Environment in China
Higher Education giving students a better chance to realize their all-round
potential. In addition, new teaching management
In China, the number of students receiving higher methods have been established in senior high schools
education for every 100,000 increased from 2,335 in across the country, whereby students may choose
2012 to 2,530 in 2016, and accounted for 1/5 of total classes according to their own interests and long-term
higher education in the world. The overall number of career plans (Gaokao Reform).
students enrolled in higher education in 2016 was 36.99
million. China now has the largest higher education Vocational Training
sector in terms of volume of students. The Essential
Science Indicators (ESI) show that the number of The Chinese education system can be divided into
universities graduating to world-class ranking increased formal education and informal education. Formal
significantly over the period in question. Around 100 education comprises fundamental education, vocational
academic courses managed to make it into the top education and higher education. Fundamental
global 1000 programs (Education in China). education has three categories: preschool, primary and
secondary schools. The key difference between the
Full implementation of reforms in higher education formal and informal education system is that the formal
examinations and enrollment systems have led to greater system enables students to obtain official certificates
equity in China’s college admission processes with more from the Chinese government, whereas the informal
reasonable procedures which prioritize student merits system, which includes different kinds of vocational
more than ever. Provincial rankings in enrollment rates programs, enables students to obtain unofficial
at National College Entrance Examinations (NCEE) show completion certificates. As these completion certificates
that the gap between the lowest and average enrollment continue to grow in acceptance from both the Chinese
rates dropped from 5 percent in 2016 to 4 percent in government as well as employers, especially certificates
2017. Thanks to targeted national, local and higher from respected brand names, the role of private
education institution (HEI) programs, a total of 100,000 education companies will certainly grow. Demand
rural and underprivileged students were admitted to at public schools is primarily driven by government
HEIs, marking an increase of 8,500 or 9.3 percent over the guidance whereas private schools react more quickly
previous year. Policies to facilitate the way for children of to market needs and offer high-demand programs.
rural migrants to take the NCEE in the cities where they As a result, private schools are highly motivated to
live were introduced and implemented in all 30 provinces continuously improve in order to attract high quality
across the country (except in Tibet), resulting in 150,000 students and charge higher tuition fees. Private schools in
applicants, showing an increase of 25 percent over 2016. China also enjoy some operational advantages enabling
Recruitment procedures have also been improved, where them to react quickly to market dynamics and improve
applications are now submitted after the NCEE in all 31 course offerings. Most private schools in China use student
provinces, which gives better visibility to students over information and human resource systems to track student
their choice of university and major. progress and to recruit and train teachers. Share prices of
private Chinese education companies have risen sharply
Reforms in admission rounds have been implemented over the last few years. While some of this appreciation may
across the country, and third round undergraduate seem overdone, the trends supporting this appreciation
admissions have now been abandoned in 22 provinces, are not going away. One thing is clear, the drivers for
while first and second round undergraduate admissions growth – large numbers of current and potential students,
in Shanghai, Zhejiang, Shandong and Hainan have now an acknowledged need for reskilling and a clear revenue
been rolled into one. In 2017, the new recruitment model – bode well for private education companies in
model which looks at both student performance in China for years to come (Flannery).
the NCEE, the senior high school academic proficiency
test, and their overall reports has been adopted in The past 40 years have witnessed a remarkable
Shanghai and Zhejiang, which has also led to the need progress in China’s vocational education. China has
for a comprehensive reform in teaching, examination built the world’s largest modern vocational education
and enrollment. Over 70 percent of students chose system, which helps to produce a large and well-
new subject combinations instead of following the trained labor force and highly-qualified professionals.
former mandatory path of either liberal arts or science, Secondary and higher vocational education have now
358
Higher Education giving students a better chance to realize their all-round
potential. In addition, new teaching management
In China, the number of students receiving higher methods have been established in senior high schools
education for every 100,000 increased from 2,335 in across the country, whereby students may choose
2012 to 2,530 in 2016, and accounted for 1/5 of total classes according to their own interests and long-term
higher education in the world. The overall number of career plans (Gaokao Reform).
students enrolled in higher education in 2016 was 36.99
million. China now has the largest higher education Vocational Training
sector in terms of volume of students. The Essential
Science Indicators (ESI) show that the number of The Chinese education system can be divided into
universities graduating to world-class ranking increased formal education and informal education. Formal
significantly over the period in question. Around 100 education comprises fundamental education, vocational
academic courses managed to make it into the top education and higher education. Fundamental
global 1000 programs (Education in China). education has three categories: preschool, primary and
secondary schools. The key difference between the
Full implementation of reforms in higher education formal and informal education system is that the formal
examinations and enrollment systems have led to greater system enables students to obtain official certificates
equity in China’s college admission processes with more from the Chinese government, whereas the informal
reasonable procedures which prioritize student merits system, which includes different kinds of vocational
more than ever. Provincial rankings in enrollment rates programs, enables students to obtain unofficial
at National College Entrance Examinations (NCEE) show completion certificates. As these completion certificates
that the gap between the lowest and average enrollment continue to grow in acceptance from both the Chinese
rates dropped from 5 percent in 2016 to 4 percent in government as well as employers, especially certificates
2017. Thanks to targeted national, local and higher from respected brand names, the role of private
education institution (HEI) programs, a total of 100,000 education companies will certainly grow. Demand
rural and underprivileged students were admitted to at public schools is primarily driven by government
HEIs, marking an increase of 8,500 or 9.3 percent over the guidance whereas private schools react more quickly
previous year. Policies to facilitate the way for children of to market needs and offer high-demand programs.
rural migrants to take the NCEE in the cities where they As a result, private schools are highly motivated to
live were introduced and implemented in all 30 provinces continuously improve in order to attract high quality
across the country (except in Tibet), resulting in 150,000 students and charge higher tuition fees. Private schools in
applicants, showing an increase of 25 percent over 2016. China also enjoy some operational advantages enabling
Recruitment procedures have also been improved, where them to react quickly to market dynamics and improve
applications are now submitted after the NCEE in all 31 course offerings. Most private schools in China use student
provinces, which gives better visibility to students over information and human resource systems to track student
their choice of university and major. progress and to recruit and train teachers. Share prices of
private Chinese education companies have risen sharply
Reforms in admission rounds have been implemented over the last few years. While some of this appreciation may
across the country, and third round undergraduate seem overdone, the trends supporting this appreciation
admissions have now been abandoned in 22 provinces, are not going away. One thing is clear, the drivers for
while first and second round undergraduate admissions growth – large numbers of current and potential students,
in Shanghai, Zhejiang, Shandong and Hainan have now an acknowledged need for reskilling and a clear revenue
been rolled into one. In 2017, the new recruitment model – bode well for private education companies in
model which looks at both student performance in China for years to come (Flannery).
the NCEE, the senior high school academic proficiency
test, and their overall reports has been adopted in The past 40 years have witnessed a remarkable
Shanghai and Zhejiang, which has also led to the need progress in China’s vocational education. China has
for a comprehensive reform in teaching, examination built the world’s largest modern vocational education
and enrollment. Over 70 percent of students chose system, which helps to produce a large and well-
new subject combinations instead of following the trained labor force and highly-qualified professionals.
former mandatory path of either liberal arts or science, Secondary and higher vocational education have now
358
